Izahluko
Ukuqonda Ukwehla Kwezinsini
( 0:04–1:05 )
Izicubu zezinsini aziphinde zikhule ngokwemvelo uma sezibuyele endaweni yazo yokuqala emaphethelweni enamel. Lapho kwenzeka ukwehla komnotho, impande iyavela—indawo engakaze iklanywe ukuba ibonakale emlonyeni.
Ukuhlinzwa kwamazinyo kwanamuhla kuvumela ochwepheshe ukuthi babeke kabusha noma bafake izicubu ukuze babuyisele ukumbozwa kanye nempilo. Lokhu kuyindlela yokwakha kabusha ngokuhlinzwa hhayi ukuphinda kukhule ngokwebhayoloji.
Izimbangela ezivamile zifaka phakathi ukuxubha ngamandla ngamabhulashi amazinyo aqinile, uhlobo lwezinsini oluncane, amazinyo abekwe ngaphandle kwethambo (ikakhulukazi avela kuma-aligner angahlelwanga kahle), ukugaya nokuvuvukala. Uma ukwehla kwamandla omnotho kuqala, kuqhubeka kancane ngaphandle kokuthi imbangela eyisisekelo ixazululwe.
I-Connective Tissue Graft
( 4:11–6:25 )
I-connective tissue graft iyindlela ecwaningwe kakhulu yokwelapha ukwehla kwezinsini. Ingcezu encane ye-connective tissue ivunwa ngaphansi kongqimba lomlomo bese ibekwa phezu kobuso bempande obuveziwe.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-graft ihlangana nezicubu ezizungezile futhi isungula ibhendi elisha, elijiyile lensini. Izicubu ezivela emlonyeni ziyasetshenziswa ngoba zinezici ezifanayo zebhayoloji nezicubu zezinsini futhi zihlangana ngendlela ebikezelwayo.
Izifundo zesikhathi eside zibonisa njalo amazinga aphezulu empumelelo ekumbozweni kwezimpande kanye nokuqina kwezicubu. Akuwona wonke amacala okwehla komnotho adinga ukuxhunyelelwa—izibonelo eziningi ziyazikhawulela futhi zingaqashwa ngokuskena kwe-3D nezithombe.
Ukululama Nokungakhululeki
( 6:25–8:05 )
Izicubu eziqoqwe elangeni zingadala ukungakhululeki kwesikhashana, okuvame ukuchazwa njengokuzizwa sengathi ushile noma ulambile. Ngezindlela zesimanje, i-anesthesia kanye ne-protective dressings, ukungakhululeki kuvame ukuba kuncane kuya kokuphakathi futhi kuxazululeka ngokushesha.
Izifundo ziqinisekisa ukuthi ukungakhululeki kwesikhashana kudlulwa yinzuzo yesikhathi eside yokuzinzisa ukwehla kwamandla omnotho nokuvimbela umonakalo owengeziwe. Izindlela ezihlukile zezimo ezikhethiwe zingagwema ukuqoqa izicubu emlonyeni ngokuphelele.
Indlela Yokuhlinzwa Ye-Pinhole
( 8:05–9:54 )
Indlela ye-pinhole iyindlela engangenisi kakhulu lapho kwenziwa khona amaphuzu amancane okungena esicutshini sezinsini. Ithuluzi elikhethekile likhulula insini ekhona ngaphakathi, bese kuthi izicubu zibekwe kabusha futhi zithungwe phezulu.
Lokhu kusebenza kahle ekuwohlokeni okuncane kuya kokuphakathi lapho ikhwalithi yezicubu ilungile. Iziguli azizizwa kahle kangako uma kuqhathaniswa nokufakelwa kwendabuko.
Kodwa-ke, kunobufakazi obuqinile besikhathi eside obusekela ukufakelwa kwezicubu ezixhumeneyo. Indlela ehlanganisiwe manje ikhona lapho ingxenye encane yezicubu ezixhumeneyo ifakwa khona ngembobo yephini ukuze kuqiniswe insini ngaphakathi—inketho engangenisi kakhulu.
Kungani Uphatha Ukwehla Komnotho?
( 9:54–12:43 )
Ukwelapha ukwehla kwamandla omnotho akuyona nje into yokuhlobisa. Izimpande eziveziwe zisengozini enkulu yokubola (ukubola kwezimpande), ukukhuhlana kwamazinyo kanye nokuzwela, ikakhulukazi njengoba ukhula.
Ukudluliselwa okusheshayo kuyanconywa lapho ukwehla kwamandla emisipha kuthinta amazinyo angaphambili angaphansi, ikakhulukazi lapho i-frenum (izicubu ezinamathisela udebe) idonsa izinyo. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, iziguli zisengozini yokulahlekelwa yizinyo ngokuphelele ngenxa yokuqongelela kwe-plaque kanye nokungakwazi ukuhlanza kahle.
Ukuzwela kanye nokuklwebheka okuncane kungaphathwa nge-varnish, ukuqeda ukuzwela kwamazinyo kanye nokugwema ukudla okune-asidi. Ukufakelwa kwezinsini kufanele kugcinelwe izimo lapho ukwehla komnotho kuqhubeka khona noma kukhulu.
Ezinye Izindlela kanye Namasu Athuthukisiwe
( 12:50–14:14 )
Izinto zokwenziwa kwezicubu zikhona kodwa zinemikhawulo ekumbozweni kwezimpande zesikhathi eside kanye nobukhulu bezicubu uma kuqhathaniswa nezicubu ezixhumeneyo, okusalokhu kuyindinganiso yegolide. Abanye ochwepheshe manje basebenzisa i-plasma ecebile ngama-platelet (PRP) noma i-fibrin ecebile ngama-platelet (PRF) eqoqwe egazini lesiguli.
Lokhu kuphothwa ku-centrifuge ukuze kudalwe into efana ne-putty engathungwa endaweni yokwelapha. Ngezinye izikhathi ixutshwa nethambo elomisiwe noma elenziwe ngokwenziwa ukuze kuphinde kukhiqizwe izinsini kanye nezicubu zamathambo.
Ukwelapha Nokunakekelwa Ngemva Kokwelashwa
( 14:14–15:23 )
Ukuphulukiswa kuvame ukuthatha isonto elilodwa kuya kwamabili, lapho i-graft iba buthakathaka futhi akumelwe iphazanyiswe. Iziguli zithola imiyalelo ethile yokuxubha, ukuhlanza kanye nokudla—ukudla okuthambile kuyanconywa phakathi nesonto lokuqala.
Ukudla okushisayo, okubabayo nokuqinile kufanele kugwenywe izinsuku eziyi-10 kuya kweziyi-14. Ukuhlanganiswa okuphelele nokuqina kwe-graft kungathatha izinyanga eziningana.
Ukulandela imiyalelo yangemva kokuhlinzwa ngokucophelela kungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekufinyeleleni umphumela ophumelelayo. Kubalulekile ukukhetha udokotela wamazinyo onolwazi kulezi zinqubo.
Imiphumela Yobuhle Nokuzwela
( 15:23–18:04 )
Ukufakelwa kwezicubu ezixhumene kuvame ukuhlangana kahle nezicubu zezinsini ezikhona ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ekuqaleni, indawo ingase ibonakale ivuvukele, kodwa ukubukeka kuyathuthuka kakhulu njengoba ukuphulukiswa kuqhubeka.
Izingcezu zensini zingafakwa ukunciphisa ukuzwela ngokumboza unomphela i-root dentine eveziwe nokuvikela i-cementum. Kodwa-ke, ukufakelwa akuyona indlela eyinhloko yokwelapha ukuzwela kuphela.
Ezinye izinketho zifaka phakathi ama-varnish ane-fluoride, i-toothpaste eqeda ukuzwela, amathreyi okwenza mhlophe ngokwezifiso kanye nokushintsha kokudla (ukugwema ukudla okune-asidi njengeviniga ye-apula, ulamula kanye namanzi acwebezelayo). Ama-graft akufanele anikezwe udokotela ngokweqile, njengoba inqubo ingenakho ukungakhululeki kanye nezindleko.
Ingozi Yokunganaki Ukwehla Komnotho Okukhulu
( 18:04–21:07 )
Amazinyo angaphambili angaphansi asengozini kakhulu ngenxa yamathambo amancane, ukuxubha ngamandla kanye nokunyakaza kwamazinyo okungahleliwe kahle. Ukunganaki ukwehla okukhulu kwamazinyo kulezi zindawo kungaholela ekuxega kwamazinyo noma ngisho nasekulahlekelweni kwamazinyo.
Ukungenelela kusenesikhathi kulula futhi kuyabikezelwa kunokulinda isimo esibucayi. Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlelwa kabusha kwe-orthodontic kungasiza ekuvuseleleni izicubu zezinsini ngokubuyisela izinyo ethanjeni.
Ngaphandle kokwelashwa ngesikhathi esifanele, iziguli zingadinga umsebenzi onzima wokuvuselela, ukuhlinzwa noma ngisho nokukhishwa kanye ukufakwa kokufakelwaUkuqapha ngezithombe kanye nokuskena kwe-3D kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukuqhubeka.
Okulotshiweyo
U-Eon Engelbrecht – E-Radio-SA: (0:04) Siyakwamukela futhi ku-Save Your Money, Save Your Teeth, futhi namuhla sibhekene nesihloko esivame ukubangela ukukhathazeka nokuzwela: ukwehla kwezinsini. Sijoyinwe nguDkt. Clifford Yudelman wase-OptiSmile ukuxoxa ngokuthi yini ekubangelayo, ukuthi kungani kubalulekile empilweni yakho yamazinyo yesikhathi eside, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, izixazululo zesimanje ezitholakalayo zokukulungisa, okuhlanganisa namasu okufakelwa izinsini asebenza kahle kakhulu. Dkt. Yudelman, siyakwamukela futhi.
UDkt Clifford Yudelman – OptiSmile: (0:31) Ngiyabonga, Eon. Ngiyabonga ngokungithola ngibuyile. Kuhle ukukhuluma nawe.
U-Eon Engelbrecht – E-Radio-SA: (0:37) Manje sekuqala ukupholisa kancane ngemva kokushisa okumatasa esasinakho ngesonto eledlule. Ngakho-ke njengoba ubusika bufika, uyazi, ukwehla kwamandla omnotho kanye nokuzwela, ngicabange ukuthi kungaba yisihloko esihle. Ngakho-ke siku-podcast 99 namuhla. Isonto elizayo yilona elikhulu, ingqophamlando.
UDkt Clifford Yudelman – OptiSmile: (0:52) Yebo, kuyamangalisa. Ama-podcast ayi-100 futhi ngiseneminye imibono engaba ngu-40 noma engu-50. Ngakho asikaqedi okwamanje.
U-Eon Engelbrecht – E-Radio-SA: (1:05) Kuhle kakhulu. Kulungile. Ngakho-ke, Dkt Yudelman, siyazi ukuthi ukuxubha kakhulu kubangela ukwehla kwamandla omnotho. Singakwazi yini ngempela ukukhulisa ushungamu?
UDkt Clifford Yudelman – OptiSmile: (1:05) Ngakho-ke izicubu zezinsini azikhuli zodwa uma sezinciphile. Futhi uyazi, lokho kuyinto okudingeka sicace ngayo. Ngakho-ke uma izinsini zinciphile, kusho ukuthi zisusiwe endaweni yokuqala, okuvame ukuba semkhawulweni we-enamel lapho i-enamel ihlangana khona nempande. Ngakho-ke insini enciphile isho ukuthi ubuso bempande buyavezwa futhi lokho akuzange kuklanyelwe ukuba semlonyeni. Ngakho-ke yize umzimba ungazalisi kabusha ngokwemvelo izicubu zezinsini, ukuhlinzwa kwesimanje kwezinsini noma kwezinsini—uhlobo lokuhlinzwa kwepulasitiki kwezinsini zakho—kuyasivumela, ngithi thina, kodwa sisebenza nodokotela bezinsini abahlukene, futhi kuvumela udokotela wezinsini, uchwepheshe wezinsini, ukuthi abeke kabusha noma afake izicubu zezinsini ngendlela ebuyisela ukumbozwa kanye nempilo.
Ngakho-ke empeleni asizikhulisi kabusha izinsini ngokwezinto eziphilayo. Angazi ngawe, kodwa ngingena ku-Instagram nakho konke lokho; zonke lezi zinto mayelana neShayina nama-stem cell nokuthi amazinyo akho noma izinsini zakho zizokhula kanjani, uyazi, ngokumane ugcobe unamathisele kancane kuzo noma yini. Kodwa lokhu empeleni ukwakha kabusha izicubu ezilahlekile kusetshenziswa ukuhlinzwa noma amasu okuhlinzwa. Ngakho-ke ukwehla kwamandla emali kuvame ukubangelwa ukuxubha kakhulu ngebhulashi lamazinyo eliqinile kakhulu noma into esikhulume ngayo ngaphambili uhlobo lwezinsini ezincane, okusho ukuthi unezinsini ezincane ngokungafani nomuntu onezinsini ezinkulu, isikhundla samazinyo ngaphandle kwethambo, ikakhulukazi ngokunyakaza kwamazinyo. Ngakho-ke siyabona ukuthi manje iziguli zithola zonke izinhlobo zama-copycat aligners ezingezona lezi zinhlobo ze-Invisalign ezifanele noma ezinye izinhlobo ezaziwayo.
Futhi ukuhlela akuhambanga ngokwecebo futhi izinyo seliphumile kakhulu emahlombe futhi liphume ethanjeni. Bese kuthi izinsini zibuyele emuva ngoba akukho thambo futhi udinga ithambo ukuze ube nensini. Enye into ukugaya. Ngakho-ke uma ubamba noma ukugaya amazinyo akho, kuyanyakazisa amazinyo futhi lokho kungabangela lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukufinyela. Sesikhulume ngalokho ngaphambili. Yilowo msele omncane emgqeni wezinsini. Futhi uma uthola lowo msele emgqeni wezinsini kusukela ekugobeni kwamazinyo, insini izobuyela emuva. Ayikwazi ukunamathela lapho ngempela. Bese-ke, vele, ukuvuvukala. Uma unezinsini ezivuvukele noma i-gingivitis bese ilashwa, insini ingabuyela emuva. Kodwa uma ukwehla komnotho kuqala, kuqhubeka kancane ngaphandle kokuthi imbangela eyisisekelo ixazululwe. Futhi ubufakazi bubonisa ukuthi ukwelapha ukwehla komnotho kusenesikhathi, ikakhulukazi lapho kukhona ukuzwela noma ukuqhubeka, kungaholela emiphumeleni engcono kunokulinda kuze kube yilapho izimpande zivezwa kakhulu. Futhi nakuba izinsini zingazipholi, zingabuyiselwa esimweni esibikezelwe uma ukwelashwa kuhlelwe kahle.
U-Eon Engelbrecht – E-Radio-SA: (4:11) Kulungile. Futhi iyini i-connective tissue graft? Futhi ngifuna ukukubuza, leso tissue sivelaphi ngempela?
UDkt Clifford Yudelman – OptiSmile: (4:11) I-Connective tissue graft iyindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu futhi ecwaningwe kahle yokwelapha ukwehla kwezinsini. Kule nqubo, ingxenye encane yezicubu ezixhumeneyo ithathwa ngaphansi kongqimba olungaphezulu lomlomo wakho noma uphahla lomlomo wakho. Le tissue ibe isibekwa phezu kobuso bempande eveziwe futhi iqiniswe endaweni yayo. Futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-graft ihlangana nezicubu ezizungezile futhi isungula ibhande elisha elijiyile lensini phezu kwezinyo.
Futhi isizathu sokuthi kungani sisebenzisa izicubu ezivela emlonyeni ukuthi zinesici esifanayo sezinto eziphilayo noma izicubu zezinsini ezizungeze amazinyo futhi zihlangana ngendlela ebikezelwayo. Futhi izifundo zesikhathi eside zibonisa amazinga aphezulu empumelelo yalolu hlobo lokumbozwa kwezimpande kanye nokuqina okuhle kwezicubu. Ngokombono wezinto eziphilayo, le ndlela ayigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukubukeka, kodwa futhi ikhulisa ukujiya kwezicubu futhi lokho kusiza ukuvikela ekuwohlokeni komnotho esikhathini esizayo.
Ngingathi nje, kulesi sigaba, ngibona ukwehla okukhulu komnotho futhi ezimweni eziningi, umonakalo usuvele wenzekile futhi uyazikhawulela futhi akuyona into ezoqhubeka njalo. Ngakho-ke siyayiqapha ngezithombe ze-3D. Futhi akuyona into esiyibhekisela njalo uma sibona ukwehla komnotho kancane, ukuthi sibhekisela abantu ukuthi bahambe bayohlinzwa izinsini. Lokhu kuyizimo ezithile lapho kunokwehla komnotho okuncane emazinyweni amaningi bese kuthi ngokuzumayo ube nezinyo elilodwa, mhlawumbe izinyo elingezansi elingaphambili lapho ukwehla komnotho kubi kakhulu futhi ungabona ukuthi kukhona ukuvuvukala futhi kuzoba kubi kakhulu. Asikhulumi nje ngokwehla komnotho okuhlobene nobudala noma ezinye zezinto engisanda kuzisho.
U-Eon Engelbrecht – E-Radio-SA: (6:25) Futhi lokhu kungaba yinganekwane, kodwa ngifuna nje ukuqinisekisa, ingabe kuyiqiniso ukuthi uthatha izicubu ophahleni lomlomo? Futhi uma kuyiqiniso, ingabe kuyalimaza ngempela?
UDkt Clifford Yudelman – OptiSmile: (6:25) Yebo, yebo, empeleni kubuhlungu. Bengizothi, yebo, sithatha izicubu emlonyeni. Kodwa yebo, kubuhlungu, yingakho ngingabathumeli abantu… uxolo, angihlosile ukuhleka. Uma kukhona oke waba nakho lokho, bazokutshela ukuthi kubuhlungu. Kubuhlungu. Indawo abayithatha kuyo, kuzwakala kuyethusa, kodwa ngamasu esimanje kanye ne-anesthesia, ukungakhululeki kuvame ukulawuleka futhi kungokwesikhashana. Udokotela wamazinyo omuhle uzokwexwayisa, aqinisekise ukuthi uphuza imithi yokubulala izinhlungu efanele kadokotela. Bathi kuzwakala sengathi kubuhlungu noma kusha.
Kodwa ngike ngaba neziguli ezingitshela ukuthi ulwanga lungaba buhlungu kakhulu, lube lubi kakhulu kunendawo lapho ulufaka khona endaweni yomnikeli. Manje sekukhona intuthuko emasu okuhlinzwa kanye nezingubo zokuzivikela kanye nezinto ezithuthuke eminyakeni emihlanu, eyi-10 edlule. Futhi, uyazi, izifundo zibonisa ukuthi ukungakhululeki kungaba kuncane noma kube maphakathi, kodwa kuxazululeka ngokushesha. Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, inzuzo yokuzinzisa ukwehla komnotho nokuvimbela umonakalo wesikhathi eside idlula ukungakhululeki kwesikhashana. Kodwa kukhona futhi amasu ahlukile ezimweni ezikhethiwe ezingase zigweme ukuhlinzwa kwesibili ngokuphelele, okungenzeka ukuthi sizongena kukho manje.
U-Eon Engelbrecht – E-Radio-SA: (8:05) Futhi inqubo ye-pinhole, iyini inqubo ye-pinhole futhi ingabe ingcono kunokufakelwa kwendabuko?
UDkt Clifford Yudelman – OptiSmile: (8:05) Ngakho-ke inqubo yokuhlinzwa ye-pinhole, ngicabanga ukuthi kunodokotela wamazinyo eMelika, wayiqamba ngegama lakhe. Angicabangi ukuthi igama lakhe kwakunguPinhole, yize kuyinto efanayo. Mhlawumbe isibongo sakhe. Yebo, uDkt Chao, i-Pinhole Surgical Technique—yindlela engangenisi kakhulu lapho kwenziwa khona amaphuzu amancane okungena ezicutshini ze-gum bese kuthi i-gum ekhona ikhululwe njengokuhlinzwa kwe-keyhole encane kuzo zombili izinhlangothi. Bese kusetshenziswa ithuluzi elikhethekile ukukhulula i-gum kusuka ngaphakathi kuye ngaphandle. Bese ubeka kabusha i-gum bese i-gum ayifani nokusikwa nokuhlutshwa emuva. I-gum ikhululiwe ngale pinhole encane bese i-gum ithungwa phezulu.
Futhi lokhu kusebenza kahle uma kukhona ukwehla komnotho okuncane noma okuphakathi nendawo futhi ikhwalithi yezicubu iyathandeka. Lokho kungaphezu kohlobo olujiyile futhi iziguli zithola ukungakhululeki okuncane kakhulu noma zingakutholi nhlobo esimweni esinjengalesi. Kodwa akwenzeki njalo. Futhi kukhona nobufakazi obungcono kakhulu besikhathi eside bezicubu ezixhumene. Akusho ukuthi imbobo encane ayisebenzi, kodwa empeleni manje sekufana nehlanganisiwe. Futhi angisiye uchwepheshe. Ngithumela iziguli kudokotela wezifo zamazinyo futhi udokotela wezifo zamazinyo wenza umsebenzi wakhe. Kodwa kuyinhlanganisela yembobo encane obeka kuyo ucezu oluncane lwezicubu ezixhumene embobeni encane—ukuze uyigcwalise njengokufaka umcamelo, ngicabanga—ngaphakathi, ucezu oluncane olufana nesoseji encane lufakwa embobeni encane ukuze luthuthukise ushumu kusukela ngaphakathi kuya ngaphandle. Futhi ngicabanga ukuthi lokho akungeneli kakhulu.
U-Eon Engelbrecht – E-Radio-SA: (9:54) Kulungile, lokho kunengqondo. Futhi kungani ungathi, dokotela, kubalulekile yini ukwelapha ukwehla kwamandla omnotho? Ngisho ukuthi, ingabe kumayelana nokubukeka noma kumayelana nempilo yamazinyo noma kokubili?
UDkt Clifford Yudelman – OptiSmile: (9:54) Yebo, bheka, akuyona inkinga yobuhle kuphela. Izindawo zezimpande eziveziwe zingaba sengozini enkulu yokubola, ikakhulukazi njengoba ukhula. Kukhona into ebizwa ngokuthi ama-root caries engaba sengozini enkulu yokuklwebheka, ukuklwebheka kwamazinyo kanye nokuzwela. Kodwa konke lokhu kungaxazululwa ngendlela yakho. Lokho akukhona okwami. Angikwenzi ukuhlinzwa. Ngithumela iziguli kudokotela wamazinyo futhi akufani nokuthi kwenziwa mahhala njenganoma yini enye. Kubiza imali enhle futhi udinga ukuba nesizathu esihle sokwenza lokho.
Ezinye zezinto engisanda kuzisho cishe azizona izizathu ezinhle. Isizathu esiyinhloko, njengoba ngishilo kuwe futhi uma ngikhuluma ngaso sonke isikhathi, ikakhulukazi esimweni lapho othile, uyazi, enesikhumba esincane esinamathisela izindebe zakho, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwamazinyo akho angaphambili angaphansi noma phakathi kwamazinyo akho angaphambili angaphezulu, sibizwa ngokuthi i-frenum noma i-frenulum. Futhi uma lokho bekulokhu kudonsa, ikakhulukazi ezinyweni ezingaphambili ezingezansi futhi isiguli sibe ne-orthodontics bese wena—uma ubheka i-Google, uyazi, ukuwohloka kwezinsini, izinyo elingaphambili elingaphansi—ungabona ngezinye izikhathi ingxenye yempande iveziwe. Esimweni esinjalo, leso siguli singagcina silahlekelwe yilelo zinyo ngoba awukwazi ngisho nokuxubha lapho. Liqoqa i-plaque eningi. Kulezo zimo, ngihlala ngikhuluma ngokuphuthumayo ukuthola i-graft yezinsini.
Futhi, uyazi, kulesi sigaba, ngizothi ubaba wami ongasekho, wafundisa ukuhlinzwa kwezinsini ePitoli iminyaka engu-27. Wasebenza iminyaka engu-57. Futhi ngo-1968, yena nomunye udokotela wamazinyo odumile waseKapa bahamba bayohamba kulo lonke elaseYurophu nase-US cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha befunda ukwenza lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa. Futhi ngalezo zinsuku, babevame ukuthatha hhayi nje izicubu ezixhumeneyo, kodwa nocezu oluncane lomlomo wakho bese beluthunga. Ngisho nanamuhla, sibona iziguli ezinalezi, kubizwa ngokuthi i-free gingival graft. Futhi ngikholwa ukuthi uBernie Radomski, udokotela wamazinyo, usanda kushona lapha eKapa. Wayeneminyaka engu-90 ubudala, umngane omkhulu kababa wami ongasekho, owayeneminyaka engu-95 lapho eshona. Futhi benza okokuqala ngaphandle kweMelika naseYurophu, i-gum graft yokuqala, ngicabanga, eNingizimu Afrika. Futhi abantu abaningi abalalele lokhu, odokotela bamazinyo, bazokwazi kahle ukuthi ngikhuluma ngani. Futhi yebo, ukumemeza nje kubo.
U-Eon Engelbrecht – E-Radio-SA: (12:43) Manje, lokho kuyathakazelisa kakhulu. Kwadingeka ngimemeze kakhulu ngoba manje sebehambile. Ngakho-ke ukumemeza okukhulu. Ngethemba ukuthi bazofika phezulu lapho. Silungisa. Dkt Yudelman, singasebenzisa izicubu zokwenziwa esikhundleni sokusika ulwanga?
UDkt Clifford Yudelman – OptiSmile: (12:50) Ngakho-ke kwezinye izimo, futhi kunezinye izindlela zokuhlola, ngokusobala inzuzo ukuthi awunayo indawo yomnikeli. Kodwa ngicabanga ukuthi kunemikhawulo ekumbozweni kwezimpande zesikhathi eside kanye nemiphumela yobukhulu bezicubu. Futhi, uyazi, izicubu ezixhumeneyo ziyindinganiso yegolide. Manje kukhona amasu lapho kokuhlinzwa okuthile, uchwepheshe owenza i-graft, ake sithi i-bone graft noma i-gum graft, ezosebenzisa lokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-PRP noma i-plasma ecebile ngama-platelet, i-PRF, i-fibrin, lapho bethatha khona igazi njengokungathi unikela ngegazi, amabhodlela ambalwa egazi, bese liphothwa ku-centrifuge ekhethekile imizuzu eyi-15 kancane kancane. Bese lokho kuhlukana njenge-blood clot ephuzi. Futhi kufana ne-putty futhi engathungwa noma ithungwe endaweni ethile. Futhi bayakusebenzisa lokho. Ngezinye izikhathi bayayixuba nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-bottle bone, okuyithambo elomisiwe ngokuqandisa noma ithambo lokwenziwa elifana ne-calcium cuts efana nethambo, ithambo lombumbulu, futhi lenze hhayi nje kuphela ukuthi izinsini ziphinde zikhule, kodwa nethambo liphinde likhule. Ngakho-ke, uyazi, kuxhomeke kuchwepheshe futhi noma ngabe yini yakamuva nengcono kakhulu kuleso simo kanye naleso siguli esithile.
U-Eon Engelbrecht – E-Radio-SA: (14:14) Ake sixoxe ngokunakekelwa ngemva kwalokho. Inqubo yokuphulukiswa izothatha isikhathi esingakanani futhi yini ongayidla ngemva kwalokho nokuthi yini ongayidli?
UDkt Clifford Yudelman – OptiSmile: (14:14) Ngakho-ke kusobala ukuthi umuntu owenza ukuhlinzwa uzonikeza imiyalelo ethile. Ngingaqinisekisa ukuthi… akuwona wonke udokotela wamazinyo owenza okuningi kwalokhu kufakelwa futhi abanye babo bathola imiphumela engcono kuneminye. Futhi ngihlala ngiqinisekisa ukuthi noma ngubani oke wabhekisela kuye ungomunye walaba dokotela bamazinyo abajwayelene kakhulu futhi bathola imiphumela emihle ngalokhu ngoba asikho isidingo sokuthola lokhu bese kungasebenzi kahle noma kubuyele esimweni sokuqala, uyazi, eminyakeni embalwa kamuva. Ngakho-ke sibuyela embuzweni mayelana nokuphulukiswa, lokho kuthatha cishe isonto elilodwa noma amabili. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ukufakelwa kubucayi kakhulu futhi awukwazi ukukuphazamisa. Futhi iziguli zinikezwa izeluleko ezikhethekile mayelana nokuxubha kanye nendlela yokuhlanza indawo nokudla okuthambile. Ungase ube nebhandishi lapho. Futhi ngemva kwesonto lokuqala, kufanele ugweme ukudla okushisayo nokunongwe kanye nokudla okuqinile. Futhi phakathi nezinsuku eziyi-10 kuya kweziyi-14, ungaqala ukubuyela ekudleni okuvamile. Futhi kungathatha izinyanga eziningana ukuthi lesi sitho siqine futhi sihlangane nezicubu ezizungezile. Futhi, uyazi, ukulandela imiyalelo oyinikezwayo ngokuqondile kungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekutholeni umphumela ophumelelayo.
U-Eon Engelbrecht – E-Radio-SA: (15:23) Udokotela, ngezizathu zobuhle, ingabe i-graft izofanelana nombala wezinsini zakho ezikhona?
UDkt Clifford Yudelman – OptiSmile: (15:23) Ngakho-ke lezo engizikhulumile ngaphambili, ama-graft e-palatal, ama-graft e-gingival akhululekile, ngokuvamile awafani, kodwa ama-graft ezicubu ezixhumeneyo avame ukuhlangana kahle ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ekuqaleni, kungase kubonakale kuvuvukile kancane, kodwa njengoba kuphola, kubukeka kungcono futhi kungcono. Angiqiniseki ngezinto zokwenziwa. Angiqiniseki nokuthi ukhona yini eNingizimu Afrika osebenzisa izinto zokwenziwa okwamanje. Kodwa yebo, uma kwenziwa ngumuntu owenza eziningi zalezi, njengoba ngishilo, kufanele akwazi ukukukhombisa izithombe zamacala awenze muva nje nangaphambi kwawo.
U-Eon Engelbrecht – E-Radio-SA: (16:04) Ingabe izithombo zezinsini zinganciphisa ukuzwela unomphela?
UDkt Clifford Yudelman – OptiSmile: (16:04) Ngakho-ke, yebo, ezimweni eziningi, ukuzwela okubangelwa yi-root dentine eveziwe kanye nama-tubules avulekile—uyazi, uma umboza ingxenye ethile yempande, unciphisa ukuchayeka futhi uvikela lezo cementum ezizwelayo. Ngisho ukuthi, kunezinye izindlela zokunciphisa ukuzwela. Bekungeke kube yindlela eyinhloko yokunciphisa ukuzwela. Sine-varnishes nezinto esingazipenda noma sinike abantu amathreyi okugcoba amazinyo angasetshenziswa ukudambisa ukuzwela. Futhi senze ama-podcasts amaningi akhuluma ngokuzwela. Ngisho ukuthi, enye yezinto eziyinhloko ukugwema uviniga we-apple cider kanye nelamula kanye nezinto ezine-asidi kakhulu namanzi acwebezelayo ngoba lezo zinto zigcina nje ukuzwela kwe-dentine ngaso sonke isikhathi. Futhi ukusebenzisa i-toothpaste ene-fluoride noma i-toothpaste ezwela ukuzwela nge-toothpaste ethambile, ukwelapha ukuzwela, uyazi, kusebenza kangcono kunokuthembela ku-toothpaste ezwela ukuzwela kuphela. Kodwa futhi ne-graft ye-gum, kuvame ukuba nezimangalo zokuthi ukwenza lokhu ukunciphisa ukuzwela. Kodwa lokho kunjengoba ngishilo, uyazi, awufuni ukuthengisa ngokweqile noma ukunikeza imithi yokufakelwa izinsini ngokweqile ngoba akuyona nje into yokuzilibazisa. Futhi ngicabanga ukuthi sesikuhlanganisile lokho lapha.
U-Eon Engelbrecht – E-Radio-SA: (18:04) Bese kuthi ekugcineni, kube yisimo esithile. Kwenzekani uma singayinaki inkinga enkulu yokuwohloka komnotho ngezinyo elingezansi?
UDkt Clifford Yudelman – OptiSmile: (18:04) Ngiyabonga ngokucela ukucaciselwa okwengeziwe, ngoba lokho, njengoba ngishilo, kungenye yezikhathi eziyinhloko lapho ngithumela khona abantu ekuhlinzweni kwepulasitiki ye-periodontic, okusho ukuthi i-perio isho ukuthi izungeze kanti i-dental isho ukuthi amazinyo. Ngakho-ke udokotela we-periodontic ngumuntu osebenza eduze kwezinyo nezinsini kanye nethambo. Futhi empeleni kuwukuhlinzwa kwepulasitiki. Ngakho la mazinyo angaphambili angaphansi asengozini kakhulu. Njengoba ngishilo, ithambo lincane. Abantu ngezinye izikhathi baxubha kakhulu lapho. Babengaba nama-aligner angahlelwanga kahle noma ngisho nama-braces lapho impande icindezelwe khona phambili kakhulu noma igobile ngendlela engafanele. Futhi akukho thambo ngaphandle. Ngezinye izikhathi ngike nginecala engenza ngalo i-Invisalign manje lapho sihambisa khona izinyo, silibuyisele emuva bese silibuyisela ethanjeni. Futhi ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa, izinsini zesiguli ziyakhula ngoba empeleni sisiza umzimba ukuthi wenze amathambo engeziwe.
Ngakho-ke lokhu kuyinto esiyithathayo futhi esiyiqophayo. Kuyindaba ethakazelisayo. Wake wabona udokotela wamazinyo ngaphambili futhi ubona udokotela wamazinyo njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu futhi angadinga ukufakelwa okuncane ngemuva kwalokho, kodwa sekuvele kungcono cishe ngamaphesenti angama-50. Yebo, awufuni ukulahlekelwa ukunamathela okuningi kanye nethambo lapho uthola khona izinyo elixegayo futhi ngisho nokulahlekelwa yizinyo. Abantu bangalahlekelwa yizinyo langaphambili elingaphansi kanjalo. Futhi, uyazi, ngokombono wezezimali nowebhayoloji, ukunganaki ukwehla komnotho kuvame ukuholela ekwelashweni okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngisho nomsebenzi wokubuyisela noma ukubopha izinsi noma ngisho nokukhipha izinyo nokuthola i-implant. Ngakho ukungenelela kusenesikhathi cishe kulula njalo futhi kuyabikezelwa kunokulinda inkinga uma kukhulunywa ngamazinyo angaphambili angaphansi. Uyazi, lapho ngibona isiguli futhi kuba nzima kakhulu bese bethi, “O, yebo, udokotela wami wamazinyo eJoburg wayebukele lokhu.” Kunjengokuthi, uyazi, ake sithathe izithombe. Ake sibone ukuthi bebebukele ini. Bese mhlawumbe azikho izithombe noma bathi, “O, bekulungile. Bese kuba kubi kakhulu ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ezedlule.” Uyazi, yilokho ozama ukukugwema.
Eon Engelbrecht – E-Radio-SA: (20:37) Lokho bekuwukuqonda okumangalisayo, Dkt Yudelman. Siyabonga kakhulu ngokusichazela ngezimbangela zokwehla kwezinsini kanye nokuchaza ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kwamazinyo kwanamuhla kungazinzisa kanjani ngempela izicubu, kunciphise ukuzwela futhi kuvikele amazinyo iminyaka eminingi ezayo.
UDkt Clifford Yudelman – OptiSmile: (20:58) Ngiyabonga. Futhi ngiyabonga ngemibuzo yakho emihle futhi. Futhi ngilangazelela i-podcast inombolo 100 ngesonto elizayo.
U-Eon Engelbrecht – E-Radio-SA: (21:07) Futhi ngesonto elizayo, sizobe sikhuluma ngendlela engcono kakhulu yokushintsha amazinyo alahlekile, into ebizwa ngokuthi iMaryland Bridge. Ube nesonto elihle futhi ukhulume nawe ngesonto elizayo. Kuze kube yisikhathi esizayo.
(21:40) Thola umhlaba wobungcweti bamazinyo nge-OptiSmile. Joyina nathi kwi-podcast yamasonto onke equkethe uDkt. Clifford Yudelman, uchwepheshe onolwazi oneminyaka engu-40 yesipiliyoni samazinyo emazwenikazi amane. Thola ukuqonda okuyingqayizivele kanye neseluleko samazinyo sochwepheshe ngokuvakashela i-OptiSmile.co.za ukuthola izihloko ezikhanyisa indlela eya empilweni yomlomo engcono kakhulu. Uma ufuna ukunakekelwa kwamazinyo okungenakuqhathaniswa eKapa, xhumana ne-OptiSmile noma ubhukhe ngqo ku-inthanethi ku-OptiSmile.co.za. I-OptiSmile, lapho ubuchwepheshe bomhlaba wonke buhlangana khona nokunakekelwa kwendawo.
Umshwana wokuzihlangula: Okuqukethwe okuhlinzekwe kule podcast, “Yonga Imali Yakho Yonga Amazinyo Akho” ngeMisombuluko Yezokwelapha, okwezinjongo zolwazi nezemfundo kuphela. Akuhloselwe ukusebenza njengeseluleko samazinyo noma sezokwelapha. Imibono nemibono evezwe uDkt. Clifford Yudelman kanye nanoma yiziphi izihambeli zenzelwe ukugqugquzela ukuqonda kangcono impilo yamazinyo, izinyathelo zokuvimbela, kanye nempilo enhle evamile, kodwa akufanele kuhunyushwe njengezincomo zamazinyo ezichwepheshile noma zezokwelapha.UDkt. U-Clifford Yudelman akahloli, akalaphi, noma anikeze ngamasu okuvimbela anoma yiziphi izimo zezempilo ngokuqondile ngale podcast. Le nkundla ayithatheli indawo yokunakekelwa komuntu siqu nezeluleko ezinikezwa udokotela wamazinyo onelayisensi noma uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Sikhuthaza kakhulu abalaleli bethu ukuthi baxhumane nabahlinzeki babo bamazinyo ukuze babhekane nezidingo zempilo yamazinyo ngabanye kanye nezinto ezibakhathazayo.Ulwazi olwabiwe lapha luhlose ukunika abalaleli amandla olwazi mayelana nempilo yamazinyo kodwa akufanele lusetshenziswe njengesisekelo sokwenza izinqumo ezihlobene nempilo ngaphandle kosizo lwezempilo. isiqondiso sochwepheshe. Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwamazinyo ungumthombo ongcono kakhulu weseluleko mayelana namazinyo akho kanye nempilo yakho iyonke. Sicela uhlale ucela iseluleko sikadokotela wakho wamazinyo noma abanye ochwepheshe bezempilo abaqeqeshiwe mayelana nanoma yimiphi imibuzo noma okukukhathazayo mayelana nempilo yakho yamazinyo.
